The target is to collect, process, and document all available power-grid frequency data publicly available and make it research ready.
Publicly available data from TSOs
The links are direct downloads. Each is a zipped csv .csv.zip file. In Power-Grid-Frequency and each respective subfolder you can find a plot for each month of the processed data with some details of the data processing and the quality of the actual data.
Data structure
The data is structured in two columns: first column is a data-time format, e.g. 2017-01-01 00:00:00. The second column is the frequency deviation from the reference in mHz, e.g. 44.006.
To read the data directly in python, use pandas as
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_csv('path/to/germany_2017_01.csv.zip', index_col=0)
pandas is smart enough to unzip the .csv and read it.
Continental Europe
Germany
| 2020 | Jan | Feb | Mar | |||||||||
| 2019 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2018 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2017 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2016 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2015 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2014 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2013 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2012 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2011 | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
These recordings are obtained from the TransnetBW. Processed.
| Location of measurements | resolution | precision | date range | Size of database |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baden-Württemberg, Germany | 1 sec | (see below) | 07.2011-03.2020 | 1.1 Gb |
Precision: 3 decimal cases until 01.2017, no decimal cases from 02.2017. Likely due to a change in the recording PMU machine.
Licensing: The TransnetBW does not state an explicit licensing. Please refer to the TransnetBW Conditions of use, and take notice of the following:
Exclusion of liability: All data is determined by TransnetBW to the best of its ability and is provided without guarantee. If it is temporarily not possible, for technical or other reasons, to determine the data or make it available, TransnetBW shall endeavour to restore data availability without delay. As far as it is legally permitted, TransnetBW excludes liability for damages due to the temporary unavailability of data. TransnetBW reserves the right to update all data published here.
France
| 2020 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | |||||||
| 2019 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2018 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2017 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2016 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2015 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2014 | Oct | Nov | Dec |
These recordings are obtained from the Réseau de Transport d’Électricité (RTE). Processed.
| Location of measurements | resolution | precision | date range | Size of database |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paris, France | 10 sec | 1 decimal | 10.2014-05.2020 | 100.7 MB |
Licensing: The Réseau de Transport d’Électricité (RTE) states in their Legal mentions that:
[…] Consequently, no licence or any other right is granted to any party under intellectual property rights, with the exception of the right to consult information.
Any reproduction, representation, modification, publication, transmission or misrepresentation of the site or its content, either total or partial and by any procedure or on any media, is strictly forbidden.
Nordic Grid
Finland
| 2019 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2018 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2017 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2016 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2015 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
These recordings are obtained from FinGrid. Processed.
| Location of measurements | resolution | precision | date range | Size of database |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Helsinki, Finland | 0.1 sec | 0 decimal | 01.2015-12.2019 | 5.1 Gb |
Licensing: The FinGrid is licensed under CC-BY-4.0. Thus
Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
National Grid
Great Britain
| 2019 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2018 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2017 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2016 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2015 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2014 | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
These recordings are obtained from NationalGrid. Processed. New data can be found at NationalGridESO
| Location of measurements | resolution | precision | date range | Size of database |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| London, United Kingdom | 1 sec | 0 decimal | 01.2014-12.2019 | 702.8 MB |
Licensing: The NationalGridESO has a the following National Grid ESO Open Data Licence, which states:
You are free to:
- copy, publish, distribute and transmit the Information;
- adapt the Information;
- exploit the Information commercially and non-commercially for example, by combining it with other Information, or by including it in your own product or application.
You must (where you do any of the above):
- Acknowledge NGESO as the source of the Information by including the following attribution statement ‘Supported by National Grid ESO Open Data’;
- Ensure our other intellectual property rights, including all logos, design rights, patents and trademarks, are protected.
Research projects open data
Power grid frequency data base
This is a set of 19 recordings in 12 synchronous regions, spanning from 1 day to ~1 month in length, over 2017 to 2019, stored in the Open Science Framework Power grid frequency data base since 2020.
GPS-Synchronised measurements
Single link with the four recordings: OSF link - 218 mb.
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | date range | number of days |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karlsruhe | Germany | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2019-07-09 - 2019-08-18 | 41.0 |
| Oldenburg | Germany | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2019-07-10 - 2019-08-07 | 41.0 |
| Istanbul | Turkey | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2019-07-09 - 2019-08-18 | 41.0 |
| Lisbon | Portugal | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2019-07-09 - 2019-08-16 | 41.0 |
Standalone measurements
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | date range | number of days | direct link | size (mb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reykjavík | Iceland | Icelandic Grid | 1 sec | 2017-10-14 - 2017-10-20 | 5.6 | OSF link | 15.4 |
| Vestmanna | Faroe Islands | Faroe Grid | 1 sec | 2019-11-03 - 2019-11-10 | 6.5 | OSF link | 24.5 |
| Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands | Spain | Gran Canarian Grid | 1 sec | 2018-02-04 - 2018-02-10 | 6.5 | OSF link | 16.2 |
| 2018-11-25 - 2018-11-26 | 1.5 | OSF link | 4.4 | ||||
| Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands | Spain | Mallorcan Grid | 1 sec | 2019-09-29 - 2019-12-31 | 94.0 | OSF link | 324 |
| London | United Kingdom | National Grid | 1 sec | 2019-03-04 - 2019-03-07 | 3.5 | OSF link | 9.2 |
| 2019-11-10 - 2019-12-31 | 51.1 | OSF link | 135 | ||||
| Lauris | France | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2019-04-16 - 2019-04-27 | 12.0 | OSF link | 41.2 |
| Split | Croatia | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2019-04-09 - 2019-04-12 | 4.0 | OSF link | 13.5 |
| Erice, Sicily | Italy | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2019-07-02 - 2019-07-06 | 5.0 | OSF link | 17.1 |
| Krakau | Poland | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2019-04-04 - 2019-04-07 | 4.0 | OSF link | 13.6 |
| Tallinn | Estonia | Baltic Grid | 1 sec | 2019-03-25 - 2019-04-17 | 22.9 | OSF link | 79.0 |
| Stockholm | Sweden | Nordic Grid | 1 sec | 2019-05-06 - 2019-05-13 | 6.7 | OSF link | 23.1 |
| Lisbon | Portugal | Continental Europe | 1 sec | 2018-02-14 - 2018-02-21 | 6.8 | OSF link | 16.8 |
| Salt Lake City, Utah | USA | Western Interconnection | 1 sec | 2019-05-19 - 2019-05-25 | 6.4 | OSF link | 16.5 |
| College Station, Texas | USA | Texas Interconnection | 1 sec | 2019-05-15 - 2019-05-16 | 1.4 | OSF link | 3.7 |
| 2019-05-20 - 2019-05-23 | 3.7 | OSF link | 9.6 | ||||
| Cape Town | South Africa | South African Grid | 1 sec | 2017-11-19 - 2017-11-28 | 9.5 | OSF link | 27.0 |
| St. Petersburg | Russia | Russian Grid | 1 sec | 2019-04-30 - 2019-05-12 | 13.0 | OSF link | 44.5 |
The links are direct links to the .csv files from the Open Science Framework repository Power grid frequency data base.
Licensing: The authors request the associated [preprint] be cited:
Power grid frequency data base, R. Jumar, H. Maaß, B. Schäfer, L. Rydin Gorjão, V. Hagenmeyer, arXiv:2006.01771, 2020
Aces
Denmark, Continental Europe
These recordings have been provided by Andreas Thingvad and Mattia Marinelli as part of ACES project, of power-grid frequency measurements taken in Central Jutland, Denmark, part of the Continental European Grid. The details are found here.
This is a single recording of the year of 2019 with 2 decimal cases and 0.5 sec resolution.
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | date range | number of days | direct link | size (mb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Central Jutland | Denmark | Nordic Grid | 0.5 sec | 2018-01-01 - 2018-12-31 | 365 | External link | 150.8 |
Licensing: Please cite as:
Grid Frequency Measurements of the Nordic Power System during 2018, A. Thingvad and M. Marinelli, doi:10.11583/DTU.12240260.v1, 2020
Denmark, Nordic Grid
These recordings have been provided by Andreas Thingvad and Mattia Marinelli as part of ACES project, of power-grid frequency measurements taken in Zealand, Denmark, part of the Nordic Grid. The details are found here for 2018 and here for 2019
These are two recordings: one from 2018 with 2 decimal cases and 1 second resolution. The second from 2019 with 2 decimal cases and 0.5 second resolution
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | date range | number of days | direct link | size (mb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zealand | Denmark | Nordic Grid | 1 sec | 2018-01-01 - 2018-12-31 | 365 | External link | 150.8 |
| Zealand | Denmark | Nordic Grid | 0.5 sec | 2019-01-01 - 2019-12-31 | 365 | External link | 298.1 |
Licensing: Please cite as:
Grid Frequency Measurements of the Nordic Power System during 2018, A. Thingvad and M. Marinelli, doi:10.11583/DTU.12240260.v1, 2020
Japan, Japanese 50Hz Grid
These recordings have been provided by Andreas Thingvad, Lisa Calearo, and Mattia Marinelli as part of ACES project, of power-grid frequency measurements taken in Tokyo, Japan, in the Japanese 50Hz grid. The details are found here.
This is a single recording of the year of 2020 with 2 decimal cases and 0.5 sec resolution.
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | date range | number of days | direct link | size (mb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tokyo | Japan | Japanese 50Hz | 0.5 sec | 2020-01-01 - 2020-12-31 | 317 (49 missing days) | External link | 250.3 |
Licensing: Please cite as:
Grid Frequency Measurements of the Nordic Power System during 2018, A. Thingvad and M. Marinelli, doi:10.11583/DTU.12240260.v1, 2020
Independent measurements
Continental Europe
Hungary
These recordings have been provided by Prof. Dr. Hartman Bálint and have been recorded by the Hungarian TSO MAVIR.
These are two simultaneous recordings.
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | date range | number of days | direct link | size (mb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Békéscsaba | Hungary | Continental Europe | 0.1 sec | 2019-07-09 - 2019-07-15 | 7.0 | OSF link | 19.2 |
| Vestmanna | Hungary | Continental Europe | 0.1 sec | 2019-07-09 - 2019-07-15 | 7.0 | OSF link | 18.8 |
Licensing: Open for scientific purposes.
Germany
These recordings are part of research activities at the Wind Energy Technology Institute (WETI) at the Flensburg University of Applied Sciences taken in Flensburg, Germany, part of the Continental European Grid. The details are found here.
The recordings cover a time period of 2016 to 2021, having a temporal resolution of 0.164 sec(~ 6.1Hz) and a precision of 3 decimal cases.
The recordings are stored in CSV files having the following collumn format: Year of type integer, Month of type integer, Day of type integer, Hour of type integer, Minute of type integer, Second and Milliseconds of type float, Deviation of the nominal grid frequency in Hz of type float.
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | date range | database link | size (GB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flensburg | Germany | Continental Europe | 0.164 sec | 2016 - 2021 | External link | 28.0 |
Licensing: When using the data, please cite:
H. Thiesen, A. Gloe, and C. Jauch. “Grid Frequency Data – WETI.” OSF.io. Dec. 2021. doi: 10.17605/OSF.IO/JBK82
Nordic Grid
Synchronised measurements
These recordings have been provided by provided by Luigi Vanfretti, Professor at RPI and head of ALSETLab. This is a set of 7 synchronous recordings in the Nordic Grid, from 21:00 of the 9th to 09:00 of the 11th of September 2013, taken at seven universities in the Nordic Grid, listed below.
Synchronised measurements
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | date range | number of days | direct link | size (mb) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trondheim, NTNU | Norway | Nordic Grid | 0.02 sec | 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11 | 1.5 | OSF link | 28.3 |
| Gothenburg, CTH | Sweden | Nordic Grid | 0.02 sec | 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11 | 1.5 | OSF link | 20.6 |
| Lund, LTH | Sweden | Nordic Grid | 0.02 sec | 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11 | 1.5 | OSF link | 22.4 |
| Stockholm, KTH | Sweden | Nordic Grid | 0.02 sec | 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11 | 1.5 | OSF link | 20.5 |
| Luleå, LTU | Sweden | Nordic Grid | 0.02 sec | 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11 | 1.5 | OSF link | 22.0 |
| Tampere, TTY | Finland | Nordic Grid | 0.02 sec | 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11 | 1.5 | OSF link | 20.0 |
| Aalto, AU | Finland | Nordic Grid | 0.02 sec | 2013-09-09 - 2013-09-11 | 1.5 | OSF link | 27.3 |
Universities: Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg (CTH), Faculty of Engineering, Lund University (LTH), Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm (KTH), Luleå University of Technology (LTU), Tampere University of Technology (TTY), Aalto University (AU).
Licensing: Please cite as:
M. S. Almas, M. Baudette, L. Vanfretti, S. Løvlund,and J. O. Gjerde, Synchrophasor network, laboratory and software applications developed in the STRONg2rid project, in 2014 IEEE PES General Meeting, Conference Exposition (2014) pp. 1–5.
Sweden
| year | location | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | North Sweden | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2020 | Mid Sweden | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
| 2020 | South Sweden | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
These recordings from 2020 were obtained at request from the Swedist TSO. Due to data protection policies, the exact locations of the recordings were not provided. These are simply: North Sweden, Mid Sweden, South Sweden.
Given the size of the recordings, a separate OSF repository was created, denoted Nordic Grid Swedish Power-Grid Frequency Data.
| Location of measurements | resolution | precision | date range | Size of database |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Sweden | 0.02 sec | 3 decimal | 01.01.2020-31.12.2020 | 9.0 Gb |
| Mid Sweden | 0.02 sec | 3 decimal | 01.01.2020-31.12.2020 | 9.2 Gb |
| South Sweden | 0.02 sec | 3 decimal | 01.01.2020-31.12.2020 | 9.1 Gb |
Licensing: The data provider requests to be referred solely as the Swedist TSO.
Ireland
These recordings have been provided by Federico Milano and taken in Ireland (EirGrid) from 2014 to 2017. The details are found here, free version available here.
These recordings have the following format: unitID, Date, Time, the tenth of a second, Starting frequency, final frequency, voltage amplitude, phase. Note that recordings do not cover the entire year.
| Location | Country | Synchronous Area | resolution | year | direct link | size (GB) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dublin | Ireland | EirGrid | 0.1 sec | 2014 | OSF link | 1.22 |
| Dublin | Ireland | EirGrid | 0.1 sec | 2015 | OSF link | 2.56 |
| Dublin | Ireland | EirGrid | 0.1 sec | 2016 | OSF link | 1.79 |
| Dublin | Ireland | EirGrid | 0.1 sec | 2017 | OSF link | 2.35 |
Licensing: When using the data, please cite:
Statistical Correlation between Wind Penetration and Grid Frequency Variations in the Irish Network, M. Adeen, G. M. Jónsdóttir and F. Milano, 2019 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2019 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (EEEIC / I&CPS Europe), 2019, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/EEEIC.2019.8783475
and
Impact of variability, uncertainty and frequency regulation on power system frequency distribution, F. M. Mele, Á. Ortega, R. Zárate-Miñano and F. Milano, 2016 Power Systems Computation Conference (PSCC), 2016, pp. 1-8, doi: 10.1109/PSCC.2016.7540970.